This alliance ended with the Battle of Shrewsbury (1403), in which Glendower failed to join the Percys. After his daughter married Mortimer, Glendower released him, and during the next few months he gained control of Carmarthen, Usk, Caerleon, and Newport. This action paved the way for a treaty with the Mortimers and the Percys for the overthrow of the King. Aided by the weather, Glendower checked the royal forces sent against him, and at Pilleth he captured Reginald de Grey and Sir Edmund de Mortimer. In 1402 Glendower was crowned at Machynlleth, and he simultaneously negotiated with the English for peace and with Ireland and Scotland for help. He and his followers seized south Wales and gained control of Conway, Ruthin, and Hawarden they also attacked the royal army in the north. After an unsuccessful appeal to Parliament, Glendower turned to rebellion and in 1400 took the title of Prince of Wales.Īs a rebel, Glendower gained considerable support because of agrarian discontent. Glendower headed a Welsh rebellion in 1399, and, after being captured at Flint Castle, he was pardoned, but some of his lands were not restored to him. Possibly knighted in 1387, he also served the Earl of Arundel under Henry of Lancaster (who became Henry IV in 1399). By 1385 he was serving as a squire with King Richard II against the Scots.
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